Firming Sleeping Cream

Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) — FDA Cosmetic Ingredient Review: Niacinamide is considered safe for use in cosmetics. It is a well-established skin-conditioning agent with evidence supporting its role in improving skin texture, tone, and barrier function.

CTPA Ingredient Library — Niacinamide: CTPA lists niacinamide as a safe and effective skin-conditioning agent widely used across cosmetic formulations, with a strong safety profile across concentrations typically used in cosmetics (2–10%).

FDA GRAS Database — Glycerin: Glycerin (glycerol) is affirmed as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA. As a cosmetic ingredient, it is one of the most widely used and well-tolerated humectants, drawing moisture from the environment to the outer layers of the skin.

CIR Safety Assessment of Squalane as Used in Cosmetics: The CIR Expert Panel found squalane safe as used in cosmetics. It is a saturated hydrocarbon emollient that closely resembles squalene produced naturally by human sebaceous glands. It is well tolerated and non-irritating.

CTPA Ingredient Library — Squalane: CTPA lists squalane as a safe emollient and skin-conditioning agent. It is a skin-identical lipid that provides moisturisation without greasiness and is considered non-comedogenic and well tolerated by all skin types.

FDA Briefing on Hyaluronic Acid in Topical Formulations: Sodium hyaluronate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a cosmetic ingredient. It functions as an effective humectant and skin-conditioning agent suitable for all skin types.

CTPA — Tocopherol (Vitamin E) in Cosmetics: Tocopherol and its esters are widely used antioxidants in cosmetic formulations. The CTPA confirms that tocopherol has an excellent safety profile in cosmetic applications and provides meaningful protection against oxidative degradation of skin lipids.

CIR Safety Assessment of Alpha Hydroxy Acids as Used in Cosmetics: The CIR Expert Panel reviewed citric acid as part of its assessment of alpha hydroxy acids. It is safe at concentrations used as a pH adjuster. At higher active exfoliant concentrations, the Panel recommended consumer advisories on increased photosensitivity.

CTPA Ingredient Library — Citric Acid: CTPA lists citric acid as a safe, permitted cosmetic ingredient functioning as a pH adjuster. At higher concentrations where it acts as an active AHA exfoliant, CTPA advises appropriate labelling regarding potential skin sensitivity.

FDA — Phenoxyethanol in Cosmetics: FDA has reviewed phenoxyethanol as a cosmetic preservative and considers it safe at concentrations up to 1.0% in cosmetic products. FDA advises caution in products used around the mouth of infants.

CTPA Ingredient Library — Phenoxyethanol: CTPA confirms phenoxyethanol is a permitted cosmetic preservative under EU Cosmetics Regulation at a maximum concentration of 1.0%, and is considered safe for use in both rinse-off and leave-on products.

CTPA Ingredient Library — Chlorphenesin: Chlorphenesin is a permitted cosmetic preservative under EU Cosmetics Regulation (max 0.3% in rinse-off, max 0.2% in leave-on products). CTPA considers it safe when used within these limits.